Description

Objectives:

To analyse the importance of blood, as well as to deepen the knowledge of haematological pathology.

Relate laboratory studies to clinical practice.

In-depth study of haematology from the beginning of time to the latest developments in this field.

 

Addressed to:

Graduates in pharmacy.

Graduates in medicine.

Senior technicians.

Graduates in nursing.

 

Content:

Topic I. Physiology of haematopoiesis and haematopoietic growth factors: Introduction.

Cellular anatomy of haematopoiesis.

  • Haematopoietic stem cells.
  • The process of haematopoiesis.

Regulation of haematopoiesis.

  • Stimulatory factors.
  • Enabling factors.
  • Inhibiting factors.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic II. Main blood parameters in clinical haematology. Interpretation of haemacytometry:

Introduction.

Haemogram.

Leukocyte formula.

  • Alterations in the white series.
    • Leukemoid and leukoerythroblastic reaction.
    • Increase of a leukocyte subpopulation.
    • Atypical cells.

Red series.

  • Alterations in the red series.
    • Haemoglobin (Hb).
    • Red blood cell count.
    • Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV).
    • Haematocrit (Hto).
    • Mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH).
    • Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC).
    • Erythrocyte Distribution Wideness (EDA, EDI or RDW).
    • Haemoglobin distribution width (ADH or HDW).

Platelet series.

  • Alterations in the platelet series.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic III. Morphological examination of peripheral blood:

Introduction.

Morphology of the white series.

Morphology of the red series.

Platelet morphology.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic IV. Anaemia, general aspects:

Introduction.

  • Symptoms.

Classification of anaemias.

Pathophysiology: Compensation mechanisms.

Causes of anaemia.

  • Clinical picture.
  • Diagnosis.

Post-hemorrhagic anaemia.

Haemolytic anaemia.

  • Acute haemolytic anaemia.
  • Chronic haemolytic anaemia.

Diagnosis of haemolytic syndrome.

Treatment of anaemia.

Prevention.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic V. Iron deficiency anaemia, megaloblastic anaemias and other deficiency anaemias:

Iron deficiency anaemia.

  • Introduction.
  • Aetiology.
  • Clinical manifestations.
  • Warning signs.
  • Diagnosis.
  • Aetiological diagnosis.
  • Differential diagnosis.
  • Iron-rich diet during iron deficiency anaemia.

Megaloblastic anaemias.

  • Cobalamin and folate metabolism.
  • Vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia.
  • Clinical manifestations.
  • Diagnosis.

Other deficiency anaemias.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic VI. Hereditary haemolytic anaemias: Membranopathies and enzymopathies:

Membranopathies.

Hereditary spherocytosis.

Hereditary elliptocytosis (HIE).

Hereditary stomatocytosis and related disorders.

Enzymopathies.

Pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency.

Pyrimidine-5' nucleotidase (P5N) deficiency.

Deficiency of cytochrome B5 reductase (B5R).

Other enzyme deficits.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic VII. Structural haemoglobinopathies. Thalassaemic syndromes:

Introduction.

Structural haemoglobinopathies.

Haemoglobinopathy S (sickle cell anaemia or sickle cell disease).

  • Clinic.
  • Diagnosis.

Haemoglobinopathy C.

Haemoglobinopathy SC.

Other haemoglobinopathies with altered surface charge.

Unstable haemoglobinopathies.

Haemoglobinopathies with impaired oxygen affinity.

Haemoglobinopathies M.

Thalassemias.

Alpha-thalassaemia.

Beta-thalassaemia.

Deltabeta-Thalassaemia.

Hereditary persistence of foetal haemoglobin (PHHF).

Thalassaemic haemoglobinopathies.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic VIII. Acquired haemolytic anaemias:

Introduction.

Haemolytic anaemias of immune mechanism.

  • Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AHAI).
    • Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia due to warm autoantibodies.
    • Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia due to cold antibodies or cryoagglutinins.
    • Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia due to biphasic haemolysin (Donath-Landsteiner) or paroxysmal haemoglobinuria a frigore.
  • Haemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN).
  • Immune-mediated haemolytic anaemias (IMHA).
  • Post-transfusion haemolytic anaemias.
  • Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria.

Non-immune haemolytic anaemias.

  • Mechanical haemolytic anaemias.
  • Haemolytic anaemias due to the action of natural agents.
  • Haemolytic anaemias due to the action of toxic and oxidising agents.
  • Haemolytic anaemias due to the action of germs or parasites.
  • Haemolytic anaemias due to metabolic or endocrine disorders.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic IX. Spinal cord aplasia:

Introduction.

Epidemiology.

Aetiology.

Pathophysiology.

Clinic.

Diagnosis.

Differential diagnosis.

Treatment.

Treatment of severe or very severe bone marrow aplasia.

Treatment of moderate spinal cord aplasia.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic X. Hereditary spinal cord deficiencies. Selective aplasia. Congenital dyserythropoietic anaemias:

Hereditary spinal cord aplasia.

  • Fanconi anaemia.
  • Dyskeratosis congenita.
  • Pure red series aplasia.
  • Blackfan-diamond anaemia.
  • Acquired erythroblastopenias.

Congenital dyserythropoietic anaemias.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic XI. Erythrocytosis, classification and diagnosis:

Introduction.

Physiology of erythropoiesis.

Classification.

Diagnosis.

Congenital erythrocytosis.

Acquired erythrocytosis.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic XII. Neutropenia and agranulocytosis:

Neutropenia.

  • Definition.
  • Pathophysiology.
  • Abnormalities in the medullary compartment.
  • Abnormalities in the peripheral blood compartment.
  • Abnormalities in the extravascular compartment.

Clinical manifestations.

Diagnosis.

Neutropenia caused by intrinsic defects of myelocytes or their precursors.

  • Secondary neutropenia.

Treatment.

Agranulocytosis.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic XIII. Myelodysplastic syndromes:

Introduction.

Diagnosis.

Classification.

Description of the different varieties of MDS according to WHO criteria.

Cytogenetic and molecular study of myelodysplastic syndrome.

MDS with specific cytogenetic features.

Secondary SMD.

Clinical classification of myelodysplastic syndrome.

Diagnosis of MDS: Consensus report.

Signs and symptoms of myelodysplastic syndrome.

Forecast.

Diagnosis.

Treatment.

  • Supporting treatment.
  • Non-intensive treatment.
  • Intensive treatment.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic XIV. Myelodysplastic-myeloproliferative syndromes:

Introduction.

Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (CMML).

Juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia.

Atypical chronic myeloid leukaemia.

SMD/SMP Unclassifiable.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic XV. Chronic myeloproliferative syndromes. Chronic myeloid leukaemia:

Chronic myeloproliferative syndromes.

  • General concepts.
  • General aspects of diagnosis.

Chronic myeloid leukaemia.

  • Clinic.
  • Diagnosis.
  • Forecast.
  • Side effects of medication.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic XVI. Polycythaemia vera:

Introduction.

Epidemiology.

Pathogenesis.

Clinical picture.

Symptoms.

Diagnosis.

Forecast.

Treatment.

  • General therapeutic recommendations.

Possible complications.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic XVII. Essential thrombocythemia. Idiopathic myelofibrosis:

Essential thrombocythemia.

  • Epidemiology and aetiology.
  • Clinic.
    • TE during pregnancy.
  • Diagnosis.
  • Differential diagnosis.
  • Forecast.

Idiopathic myelofibrosis.

  • Clinic.
  • Diagnosis.
  • Differential diagnosis.
  • Forecast.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic XVIII. Chronic neutrophilic leukaemia. Hypereosinophilic syndrome:

Introduction.

Epidemiology.

Clinic.

Diagnosis.

  • Peripheral blood.
  • Bone marrow.
  • Cytogenetics.
  • Molecular genetics.
    • CSF3R mutation.
    • JAK2-V617F mutation.
    • CALR mutation.
    • SETBP1 mutation.
    • ASXL1 mutation.

Differential diagnosis.

Review of the WHO diagnostic criteria for CNL.

Clinical course and prognosis.

Treatment.

Conclusion.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic XIX. Acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemias:

Definition.

Epidemiology.

Pathophysiology.

Clinic.

Diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

Morphological and cytochemical diagnosis of LANL.

Treatment.

Complications and their treatment.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic XX. Adult acute lymphoblastic leukaemia:

Introduction and epidemiology.

Aetiopathogenesis.

Signs and symptoms.

Diagnosis.

Treatment.

  • Induction and intensification phase.
  • Post-remission treatment.
  • CNS treatment.
  • Treatment of adolescents and young adults.
  • Treatment of older adult patients.
  • Supporting treatment.
  • Treatment of Ph-positive ALL.
  • Prognostic factors and risk stratification.
  • New treatments in ALL.

Forecast.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic XXI. Lymphomas, general concepts and diagnosis:

Introduction.

Development of the review.

  • Hodgkin's lymphoma.
    • Causes and risk factors.
    • Signs and symptoms.
  • Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
    • Causes and risk factors.
    • Signs and symptoms.
  • Subtypes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
    • B-cell neoplasms.
    • T-cell lymphomas and CN.

Diagnosis of lymphomas.

  • Computed tomography (CT) scan.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  • PET or PET-CT positron emission tomography scanning.
  • Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy.
  • Molecular testing of the tumour.

Treatment of lymphomas.

  • Treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma.
    • Stem cell transplantation.
    • Treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.
    • Targeted therapy.
    • Stem cell transplantation with high-dose chemotherapy.
    • Surgery.

Treatment of lymphoma in HIV-positive patients.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Theme XXII. Lymphoproliferative syndromes with leukaemic expression:

Introduction.

Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

Prolymphocytic leukaemia.

Tricholeukaemia.

Large granular lymphocyte leukaemias (LGGL).

Adult T leukaemia/lymphoma (ATLL).

Leukaemic lymphomas.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic XXIII. Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas:

Introduction.

Treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Anaplastic lymphoma.

Types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Treatment options for slow-growing non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic XXIV. Hodgkin's lymphoma:

Introduction.

The lymphatic system.

Hodgkin's lymphoma.

  • Epidemiology.
  • Types of LH.
  • Risk factors.
  • Symptoms, signs and stages.
  • Diagnosis.
    • Treatment of early stage HL.
    • Treatment of advanced HL.
    • Treatment of relapsed or refractory HL.

Research into new diagnostic and treatment options.

  • Advances in scanning techniques: Imaging studies.
  • Adaptation of treatment.
    • Chemotherapy with bendamustine.
    • Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).
    • Proton Radiotherapy (RTP).
  • Targeted therapy.
    • Phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitors.
    • Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACs).
    • Monoclonal antibodies.
    • Immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic XXV. Multiple myeloma:

Introduction. Multiple myeloma.

  • Anatomy.

How the cancer association explains what multiple myeloma is for them.

Explanation of the international multiple myeloma foundation what it is for them said

illness.

Epidemiology of multiple myeloma.

What are the risk factors for multiple myeloma?

Signs and symptoms in multiple myeloma.

Do we know what causes multiple myeloma?

Types of multiple myeloma.

  • Staging of multiple myeloma.
  • Survival rates by stage.
  • Prevention.

Diagnosis of multiple myeloma.

  • Diagnosis of myeloma based on test results.

Treatment of multiple myeloma.

  • Maintenance treatment.
  • Myeloma that does not respond to treatment or recurs.
  • Myeloma resistant to combination of vincristine, doxorubicin and dexamethasone
  • (VAD).
  • Sequelae of multiple myeloma treatments.

What makes multiple myeloma worse or better.

Reviews in multiple myeloma.

New approaches in the treatment of multiple myeloma.

Summary of the whole history of multiple myeloma.

Recent research study on multiple myeloma treatment.

Interesting research study on multiple myeloma confirms much of what has been said in the past.

data we have studied.

Other scientific studies that are interesting.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Theme XXVI. Other monoclonal gammopathies, monoclonal gammopathy of significance

uncertain, heavy chain diseases:

Introduction.

Types of monoclonal gammopathies.

  • Monoclonal Gammopathies of Uncertain Significance (MGUS).
  • Multiple myeloma (MM).
    • Diagnostic criteria (International Myeloma Working Group).
  • Smoldering or asymptomatic multiple myeloma (MMS).
  • Non-secretory multiple myeloma (NSM).
  • Solitary plasmacytomas.
  • Osteosclerotic myeloma or POEMS syndrome.
  • Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia (MW).
  • Heavy chain disease.
  • Introduction.

Diagnosis of monoclonal gammopathies.

  • Clinical laboratory tests.
  • Imaging tests, X-ray laboratory.
  • Haematology, immunology and genetics tests.
  • Incidental detection of a gammopathy in the clinical analysis department.

Treatment.

  • First-line treatments.
  • Stem cell transplantation.
  • Maintenance treatment.
  • Supporting treatment.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic XXVII. Pathology of the mononuclear phagocytic system:

Introduction and characteristics of the different cells of the phagocytic mononuclear system.

Classification of MFS pathologies.

Malignant pathology of MFS.

Malignant histiocytosis.

Histiocytosis of uncertain malignancy.

  • Proliferative dendritic cell histiocytosis.

Reactive histiocytosis and haemophagocytic syndromes.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic XXVIII. Thrombocytopenias. Congenital and acquired thrombopathies:

Thrombocytopenias.

  • Pathophysiological classification.
  • Signs and symptoms.
  • Biological diagnosis.
  • Symptomatic therapy.
  • Diagnosis.

Acute immunological thrombocytopenias.

  • Thrombocytopenia secondary to heparin (HIT).

Chronic immunological thrombocytopenias. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).

Thrombopenia in pregnancy.

Thrombocytopenia associated with other diseases.

Genetic macrothrombopenias.

Thrombopathies.

  • Congenital thrombopathies.
  • Acquired thrombopathies.

Treatment.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Theme XXIX. Thromboembolic disease. Congenital and acquired thrombophilias:

Introduction.

Epidemiology and risk factors.

Pathophysiology.

Diagnosis.

  • Diagnosis of DVT.
  • Diagnosis of PTE.
  • Diagnosis of TEEV in special situations.
  • Thrombophilia studies.

Prophylaxis and treatment.

  • Prophylaxis in medical patients.
  • Prophylaxis in surgical patients.
  • VTEV prophylaxis in special situations.
  • Invasive treatments.
  • Gender differences in patients receiving anticoagulant therapy for anticoagulant therapy for a
  • Treatment of TVED in special situations.
  • Outpatient treatment of TEEV.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic XXX. Diagnosis of haemorrhagic pathology. Congenital coagulopathies:

Introduction

Congenital coagulopathies.

  • Haemophilia A and B.
  • von Willebrand disease.
    • von Willebrand disease type 1 (VWD1).
    • von Willebrand disease type 2 (VWD2).
    • von Willebrand disease type 3.
    • Clinical diagnosis.
  • Hereditary clotting factor deficiencies.
    • Deficiency of vitamin K-dependent factors.
    • Coagulation factor V deficiency.
    • Combined deficiency of clotting factors V and VIII.
    • Coagulation factor XI deficiency.
    • Coagulation factor XIII deficiency.
  • Hereditary fibrinogen disorder.
    • Afibrinogenemia and hypofibrinogenemia.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic XXXI. Acquired coagulopathies:

Introduction.

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).

  • Introduction.
  • Clinic.
  • Diagnosis.

Acquired haemophilia A.

  • Introduction.
  • Clinic.

Vitamin K deficiency.

  • Introduction.
  • Clinic.
  • Diagnosis.

Chronic liver disease.

  • Introduction.
  • Clinic.
  • Diagnosis.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic XXXII. Antithrombotic therapy:

Introduction.

Parenteral anticoagulants.

Oral anticoagulant therapy (OAT).

Anticoagulants.

  • Indirectly acting anticoagulants.
  • Direct-acting anticoagulants.

Antiplatelet agents.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic XXXIII. Coagulopathies in the critically ill patient:

Introduction.

Pathophysiology of coagulation disorders in the critically ill patient.

Bleeding in trauma patients.

Management of coagulation abnormalities in critically ill patients.

  • Blood and blood products.
  • Pharmacological agents.

Conclusion.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Haematological aspects and haemotherapy support in the critical patient:

Introduction.

Transfusion therapy in intensive care.

Anaemia in the critically ill patient.

Oncohematology.

Drugs used in the ICU.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Topic XXXV. Iron overload states. Hereditary haemochromatosis:

Introduction.

Hereditary haemochromatosis.

HH associated with the HFE gene (HH type 1).

  • Natural history.
  • Diagnosis.

HH not associated with the HFE gene.

Complications of hereditary haemocrematosis (HH).

HH associated with the HFE gene (HH type 1).

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation:

Introduction.

Development and discussion of the topic.

  • Mobilisation agents.
  • Mobilisation of the CMH.
  • Extraction of MHC. Apheresis.
  • HPC processing and cryopreservation.
  • Preparatory conditioning.
  • Stem cell transplantation or infusion.
  • Graft rooting and recovery.
  • Role of nursing.
  • New developments in research.

Summary.

Self-assessment.

Bibliography.

Additional information

Country

Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru

Certification

USJ

Duration

200 hrs

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